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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
سازه سبکی
Sam Messick long championed the cause of cognitive styles-at once carefully distinguishing entangled style constructs while simultaneously tracing their path through an immense field of research on the psychology of human differences (Gardner, Jackson, & Messick, 1960; Messick, 1984,
Characteristic ways of perceiving and organizing experience represented in cognitive style constructs are important not merely for understanding how individuals differ, but for understanding belief and conflict in science itself.
We hope to hasten the arrival of the day when the sophistication of techniques for measuring style constructs catches up with the sophistication of theorizing about them that Messick championed.
However, before we discuss how such models can aid in the measurement of style constructs, it is necessary to understand why cognitively based have not had much impact on the measurement of ability constructs.
The style-strategy distinction is perhaps most salient in the cognitive style constructs of field dependence and field independence.
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